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Uncertainty Deconstructed

A Guidebook for Decision Support Practitioners

  • Provides a process toolkit for practitioners
  • Reveals what uncertainty really is and how the worst risks associated with uncertainty can be mitigated
  • Introduces methods, tools and techniques to enhance the ability to deal with uncertainty

Part of the book series: Science, Technology and Innovation Studies (STAIS)

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Table of contents (14 chapters)

  1. Front Matter

    Pages i-xxiv
  2. Introducing the Programme and Its Contents

    1. Front Matter

      Pages 1-1
    2. Setting the Scene and Introduction

      • Bruce Garvey
      Pages 3-18
  3. Theoretical Underpinnings: Structural Components of Uncertainty

    1. Front Matter

      Pages 19-19
    2. Problem Status

      • Bruce Garvey
      Pages 47-61
    3. Time-Based Criteria

      • Bruce Garvey
      Pages 63-82
    4. The Evidence Base

      • Bruce Garvey
      Pages 83-94
    5. Ways of Seeing the Future

      • Bruce Garvey
      Pages 95-112
  4. Theoretical Underpinnings: Scenarios and Their Role in Dealing with Uncertainty

    1. Front Matter

      Pages 113-113
  5. Theoretical Underpinnings: Behaviour—The Hidden Influencer in How We Deal with Uncertainty

    1. Front Matter

      Pages 173-173
  6. Theory into Practice: Reactive and Exploratory Scenarios and Case Studies

    1. Front Matter

      Pages 205-205
    2. Reactive: The Covid-19 Pandemic

      • Bruce Garvey
      Pages 207-216
  7. Concluding Comments

    • Bruce Garvey
    Pages 253-259

About this book

This book argues that uncertainty is not really uncertainty at all but just demonstrates a lack of vision and willingness to think about the unthinkable – good and bad. The task of accepting that uncertainty is about exploring the possible, rather than the impossible has to be taken on board by strategists, policy developers, and political leaders, if we are to meet the challenges that an ever changing world is throwing at us. The term “unknown – unknowns” is ubiquitous, albeit the vast majority of future uncertain events do not fall into this category. However, it has been used to absolve decision makers from criticism post-event, whereas poor foresight is the prime culprit and that most future uncertainties are “known-unknowns” or “inevitable surprises”. 

This re-positioning of uncertainties can help mitigate the impact of such risks through better foresight aware contingency planning. The enemy is not uncertainty itself but our lack of imagination when trying to visualize the future – we need to transform our behaviour. To better understand uncertainty we have to deconstruct it and get to grips with its component parts. Three main questions are posed and practical approaches presented: What are the main structural components that make up the conditions under which uncertainty operates? What scenario lenses can be used when exploring uncertainty? What behavioural factors do we need to consider when analysing the human responses to uncertainty? Practitioners, having to deal with making better decisions under uncertainty, will find the book a useful guide.


Endorsements for the book:


"With this book, Bruce Garvey performs a great service for consultants, planners and, indeed, anyone whose job involves a degree of speculation about what will happen in the future. Through a comprehensive survey of methods, tools and techniques, he provides a practical guide to unpacking the uncertainty that besets all human endeavour. 

This is no dry academic treatise: it deals with highly contemporary topics such as “fake news” – part of a fascinating dissection of “dark data” – and how our biases and preconceptions shape our views. The book finishes with three case studies dealing with the Covid-19 pandemic, social mobility and inequality, and achieving net zero – all topics that are sorely in need of the critical thinking and analysis skills described previously.

No one can completely eliminate “20:20 hindsight” from all business decisions but readers applying the lessons of this book may find themselves saying “if only we’d known…” less frequently."

-- Nick Bush, Director - CMCE (Centre for Management Consulting Excellence)


"Academic literature and practical guides to uncertainty management are disparate: this exciting edition brings it all together.  Principal author, Bruce Garvey, recognises the erroneous attribution of many recent events to unforeseeable uncertainty (‘unknown unknowns’), calling these out as inevitable surprises (or ‘unknown knowns’), a category of uncertainty that is typically overlooked.  Garvey describes critical dimensions of uncertainty, before examining scenarios and behavioural aspects, the latter being a ‘hidden influencer’ which is too often neglected.  The guidebook contains a variety of methods, tools and techniques, including several that deserve more use, and contains a detailed glossary and reference list.  Practical advice covers topics such as identifying weak signals for use in scenario development and overcoming cognitive dissonance.  This well-structured and engagingly written guide should serve as a standard text for students, academics and practitioners across policy making, business, and industry."

-- Dr. Geoff Darch, Water Resources Strategy Manager, Anglian Water. Co-Founder, Analysis under Uncertainty for Decision-Makers (AU4DM) Network


"This is a valuable companion volume to John Kay and Mervyn King's Radical Uncertainty - and it is a necessary corrective to the physics envy of disciplines such as economics which achieve a false sense of certainty by creating highly plausible but unreliable simplifications of things through over generalisation - leading to simplistic proposals for interventions which can only rightly be judged through a lens of complexity and probability.

I would like to be more optimistic about the ultimate effects of books of this kind - and in some fields, perhaps in military decision-making and defence I am quite optimistic. In such fields, people tend to approach decision-making through the assumption that things will go wrong, and that the effects of any mistakes will be very keenly, perhaps fatally experienced.

In business and softer social policy-making, I fear the battle will be much harder. In such fields as politics and business, it is often better for the reputation "as Keynes remarked, "to fail conventionally than to succeed unconventionally." In such fields, it is more important to make defensible decisions than to make good decisions, so an artificial sense of logical certainty will perhaps always hold an unhealthy appeal.

But here's hoping anyway!"

-- Rory Sutherland, Vice Chairman, Ogilvy Group


"Here is a most insightful book, which holistically examines the ‘world of uncertainty', particularly as it impacts sense- to decision-making processes for many different stakeholders. Both scholars and practitioners, strategists to operators, soon gain from reading.

Journeying from theory to practice, we embark on a comprehensive definition of uncertainty to subsequently become better equipped for its greater contemporary navigation when going forward, all elucidated by several well-structured scenarios and case-study examples. How uncertainty relates to risk (both qualitative and quantitative) is systematically charted, articulating their close interactivity.

Forming a successful guide, this book has much enduring reference value and is therefore deserving of being readily retrievable as events and developments benefit from their improved understanding. Uncertainty can demonstrably be negotiated much more effectively. Alternative situations and conditions of denial, lamented as ‘we should have (fore)seen that’, no longer stand as acceptable when it comes to anticipating futures ahead. With this book, further help is now at hand."

-- Adam D.M. Svendsen, PhD, International Intelligence & Defence Strategist, Researcher, Analyst, Educator & Consultant




Authors and Affiliations

  • Croydon, UK

    Bruce Garvey

  • London, UK

    Dowshan Humzah

  • Ascot, UK

    Storm Le Roux

About the authors

Bruce Garvey advises and consults organisations facing high levels of uncertainty. He addresses decision behaviour pertaining to technological foresight, creativity and innovation, futures, scenario planning, and systems uncertainties, based on his research at  Imperial College London, (UK). He has 40 years’ experience within the commercial arena, in staff and operational posts in the UK, Europe and the Middle East. 

Dowshan Humzah is an independent director and strategic advisor. He has delivered transformative business growth, industry firsts and digital innovation, having held executive roles with RSA Insurance, Virgin Media, Orange, P&G and four start-ups. As a non-executive, he focuses on board composition and cognitive diversity. His directorships include Board Apprentice Global, Gresham College and Overcoming MS.

Storm Le Roux is principal of SCNiiC. He led the Aerospace and Climate Neutrality Initiative,resulting in the launch in 2018 of SCNiiC – Sustainability Climate Neutrality Impact Investment Consultancy – a specialist advisor on net zero finance, technology and decision-making under deep uncertainty. He graduated in science and engineering from the University of Stellenbosch. 

Bibliographic Information

  • Book Title: Uncertainty Deconstructed

  • Book Subtitle: A Guidebook for Decision Support Practitioners

  • Authors: Bruce Garvey, Dowshan Humzah, Storm Le Roux

  • Series Title: Science, Technology and Innovation Studies

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-08007-4

  • Publisher: Springer Cham

  • eBook Packages: Business and Management, Business and Management (R0)

  • Copyright Information: The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2022

  • Hardcover ISBN: 978-3-031-08006-7Published: 27 August 2022

  • Softcover ISBN: 978-3-031-08009-8Published: 28 August 2023

  • eBook ISBN: 978-3-031-08007-4Published: 26 August 2022

  • Series ISSN: 2570-1509

  • Series E-ISSN: 2570-1517

  • Edition Number: 1

  • Number of Pages: XXIV, 304

  • Number of Illustrations: 64 b/w illustrations

  • Topics: Business Strategy/Leadership, Organization, Business and Management, general

Buy it now

Buying options

eBook USD 39.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book USD 54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book USD 54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Other ways to access